Ratio And Performance Analysis Of Kamdar Group Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1932 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Kamdar Sdn Bhd was established in Malaysia since 1972, and has since achieved a dominant position in the garment and textile departmental store industry. The Kamdar brand stands for quality of service, history and value for money. Kamdar stores specialize in textile fabric, furnishing fabric, in-house designed garments for ladies, men and childrens clothes, Indian clothing and school uniforms. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Ratio And Performance Analysis Of Kamdar Group Finance Essay" essay for you Create order In 2004, Kamdar Group (M) Berhad was established as the holding company for the group in order to facilitate its listing on the main board of the KLSE. After more than 50 years of growth, Kamdar has 21 outlets around Malaysia and employs about 1,200 staff. Ratio Analysis What is Ratios Analysis? Ratio analysis is a tool used by individuals to compute a quantitative analysis of information in a companys financial statements and evaluate the performance of company. According to Groppelli, Angelico A., In finance, a financial ratio or accounting ratio is a ratio of two selected numerical values taken from an enterprises financial statements. There are many standard ratios used to try to evaluate the overall financial condition of a corporation or other organization. Comparison Ratio analysis is generally calculated from current year numbers and then used to compare the performance or position of a single company with other companies or with an industry. Trend analysis is compared the companys current performance with previous years or even current performance against the budget. It is use to identify the companys strength and weakness with financial situation. Besides that, it acts as a guide for manager to improving with proper action. Industry comparison is compared the companys performance with the competitors companies which is similar nature companies or with the industry average. It is helps to point out deviation from norms in industry. The users of ratios analysis are group of people which related with company such as investors, employees, lender, suppliers, customers, government and public. Financial ratios can be divided into 5 categories: Profitability Ratios Measure the overall effectiveness of the company. It can help an organization manage the funds such as increase the return with control the expenses. Liquidity Ratios Measure how quickly an organization can obtain the cash to meet its short-term requirements. Which means ability of an organization generates revenues to cover the obligations. Capital Structure Ratios Analyses how assets financed. Means assess the firms long-run ability to meet its obligation. Asset Management Ratios Measure efficiently and intensively a firm uses its assets to generate sales. Market Value Ratios Measure the market value for companys stock compared with accounting values. But it can only calculate for shares that are traded in the market. Ratio Analysis for the Kamdar Group (M) Berhad: Formula: 2008 2007 Profitability Ratios :- Gross Profit Margin = Gross Profit ÃÆ'Æ’-100% Sales = 68,343,838 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 182,416,634 = 37.47% = 62,576,977 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 177,442,850 = 35.27% Operating Profit Margin = Earnings Before Interest Tax ÃÆ'Æ’-100% Sales = 19,683,440 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 182,416,634 = 10.79% = 18,544,992 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 177,442,850 = 10.45% Net Profit Margin = Net Earnings Available to Common Stockholders ÃÆ'Æ’-100% Sales = 8,481,844 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 182,416,634 = 4.65% = 7,918,897 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 177,442,850 = 4.46% Return on Assets (ROA) = Net Earnings Available to Common Stockholders ÃÆ'Æ’-1 00% Total Assets = 8,481,844 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 295,336,768 = 2.87% = 7,918,897 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 289,549,467 = 2.73% Return on Equity (ROE) = Net Earnings Available to Common Stockholders ÃÆ'Æ’-100% Common Stockholders Equity = 8,481,844 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 151,992,341 = 5.58% = 7,918,897 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 143,510,497 = 5.52% Return on Capital Employed = Operating Profit ÃÆ'Æ’-100% Capital Employed (*Capital Employed = Total Assets Current Liabilities) = 19,683,440 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 174,741,198 = 11.26% = 18,544,992 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 229,418,962 = 8.08% Liquidity Ratios :- Current Ratio = Current Assets Current Liabilities = 127,341,176 120,595,570 = 1.06 times = 123,842,363 60,130,505 = 2.06 times Quick Ratio = Current Assets less Inventory Current Liabilities = 28,978,154 120,595,570 = 0.24 times = 35,171,965 60,130,505 = 0.58 times Capital Structure Ratio s :- Total Debt to Total Asset Ratio = Total Long-Term Debt + Current Liabilities ÃÆ'Æ’-100% Total Asset = 143,344,427 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 295,336,768 = 48.54% = 146,038,970 ÃÆ'Æ’-100% 289,549,467 = 50.44% Long Term Debt to Equity Ratio = Long-Term Debt ÃÆ'Æ’-100% Total Shareholders Equity = 22,748,857 x 100% 151,992,341 = 14.97% = 85,908,465 x 100% 143,510,497 = 59.86% Times Interest Earned = Earnings Before Interest Tax Interest Expense = 19,683,440 4,630,469 = 4.25 times = 18,544,992 5,192,861 = 3.57times Asset Management Ratios :- Average Collection Period = Account Receivable ÃÆ'Æ’- 365 days Credit Sales = 7,218,271 ÃÆ'Æ’- 365days 182,416,634 = 14.44 days = 8,347,582 ÃÆ'Æ’- 365days 177,442,850 = 17.17 days Inventory Turnover = Inventory ÃÆ'Æ’- 365 days Cost of Sales = 98,363,022 ÃÆ'Æ’- 365days 114,072,796 = 314.73 days = 88,670,398 ÃÆ'Æ’- 365days 114,865,873 = 281.76 days Average Payment Period = Creditor ÃÆ'Æ’- 365 days Purchases (*Purchases = Cost of goods sold) = 5,124,727 ÃÆ'Æ’-365days 114,072,796 = 16.40 days = 7,547,495 ÃÆ'Æ’-365days 114,865,873 = 23.98 days Total Asset Turnover = Sales Total Assets (*Total Assets = Capital Employed) = 182,416,634 295,336,768 = 0.62 times = 177,442,850 289,549,467 = 0.61 times Market Value Ratios :- Earnings per Share (EPS) = Earnings Available to Shareholders Number of Ordinary Shares (*units) (*given by notes 25.b) = 8,771,828 198,049,026 = 4.4 sen / share = 8,348,542 197,990,002 = 4.2 sen / share Dividend per Share = Dividend Paid Number of Ordinary Shares (*units) (*given by notes 26) = nil (*did not declare dividend) = 4 sen Dividend Cover = Earnings per Share (EPS) Dividend per Share = nil (*did not decla re dividend) = 4.2 sen 4.0 sen = 1.05 times Price Earning (P/E) Ratio = Market Price per Share Earnings per Share (EPS) = RM 0.200 RM 0.044 = 4.55 times (*Market Price as at 31/12/08) = RM 0.530 RM 0.042 = 12.62 times (*Market Price as at 2/1/08) Dividend Yield (% return of invest) = Dividend per share ÃÆ'Æ’- 100% Market Price / Share = nil (*did not declare dividend) = RM 0.040 ÃÆ'Æ’- 100% RM 0.530 = 7.55% Performance Evaluation Profitability Ratios In order to analyze the profitability of the Kamdar Group (M) Berhad, we will look into several profitability ratios. The gross profit margin at year 2008 is at 37.47% higher compare to year 2007 is at 35.27%. This could be either at year 2008 has selling the product at a higher price or the purchasing cost at year 2008 is lower than year 2007. The operating profit margin for year 2008 is at 10.79% however for year 2007 is at 10.45%. This is indicated that the company has control the expenses at reasonable level, selling has increase with higher rate than expenses. Return on total assets ratio (ROA) for year 2007 is 2.73% increasing to 2.87% at year 2008. It is represents management has use assets efficiently and effectively ways to generate their profit and sales compare with year 2007. Return on equity (ROE) for year 2007 is 5.58% increasing to 5.52% at year 2008. It is represents the company has use the investors money to generate profit with more efficie ncy. Liquidity Ratios The current ratio and the quick ratio help to access the liquidity position of the company. The current ratio at year 2008 is lower at 1.06 times compare to year 2007 at 2.06 times. The quick ratio for year 2008 is 0.24 times comparing to year 2007 at 0.58 times. Both this ratios indicate that year 2007 has a better liquidity position compare to year 2008, because at year 2008 the increasing in current assets is less than increasing in current liabilities Thus, ability to handle their short-term obligation of year 2008 are poor than year 2007. Capital Structure Ratios The total debts to total assets ratio is lower for year 2008 at 48.54% compare to year 2007 which is at 50.44%.The long-term debts to equity ratio is 14.97% comparing to year 2007 at 59.86%. This indicate that year 2007 is more highly geared which means that quite a high proportion of a financing come from debts. In other words, Kamdar Group has improving the financing at year 2008. Th e time interest earns is higher for year 2008 at 4.25 times compare to year 2007 which is at 3.57 times. This indicates that there are more earnings available to meet interest payment and business is more stable to reduce the interest rate. Asset Management Ratios The average collection period for year 2008 is 14.44 days compare to year 2007 which is at 17.17 days. The ratios indicate that the year 2008 has strong credit management compare to year 2007. The stock turnover period for year 2008 is 314.73 days for year 2007 is 281.76 days. We can assume the Kamdar Group has estimated that the sales volume will increase at following year. The creditor payment period is shorter for year 2008 at 16.40 days compare to year 2007 which is at 23.98 days. This ratio indicates that company has sufficient cash to settling debts in time. At year 2008, company generates a higher sale at 0.62 times for every Ringgit invested in assets however at year 2007 only generate 0.61 times. Company has improving the efficiency to uses of its assets to generate revenue. Market Value Ratios The earnings per share of year 2008 is at 4.4 sen compare to year 2007 which is at 4.2 sen. Year 2008 earns a higher return per share. When we look at dividend per share, at year 2007 paid out RM0.04 for every share but at year 2008 company did not declare any dividend for every share. The dividend shown the dividend cover at year 2007 is 1.05 times but year 2008 never have dividend cover because company did not declare dividend. Therefore, the P/E ratio for year 2007 is 12.62 times but year 2008 is only at 4.55 times. Limitation of Ratio Different Accounting Policies Since the ratios are based on the figures taken from the financial statements, the results of the ratio analysis are dependent on the quality of the underlying statements. The choices of accounting policies may distort intercompany comparisons. For example, different company may use different depreciation method such strait-line method or reducing balance method, it may affected the figure in financial statement. Creative accounting The financial statement is very easy to manipulating. Company may manipulate the financial statement and trying to show the better financial performance or position which can be misleading to the users of financial accounting. Interpretation of the ratios Ratios need to be interpreted carefully and take time to understand it. It is difficult to generalize about a performance condition of particular ratio. It should not be considered in isolation. It is meaningless without making comparison with others. Rat ios are not definitive measures Ratios can provide clues to the companys performance or financial situation. Ratios cannot show whether performance is good or bad. It is just only guides for the users to estimate condition of company in future date. Historical or outdated information in financial statement The figures in a set of accounts are likely to be out of date, and so might not give a proper indication of the companys current financial position. It was represented in the conditions that ignore the economics issue. Different financial and business risk profile No two companies are the same, even when they are competitors in the same industry or market. Using ratios to compare one company with another could provide misleading information. Businesses may be within the same industry but having different financial and business risk. One company may be able to obtain bank loans at reduced rates and may show high gearing levels while as another may not be successful i n obtaining cheap rates and it may show that it is operating at low gearing level. To uninformed analyst he may feel like company two is better when in fact its low gearing level is because it cannot be able to secure further funding. Different capital structures and size Different size of companies may have different capital structures. Make comparison of performance when one is all equity financed and another is a geared company it may not be a good analysis. Conclusion Ratio analysis is useful, but analysts should be aware of these problems and make adjustments as necessary. Kamdar Groups ratio analysis shown it is growth in stable and health condition. The revenue earned by group has increased over the year. Companys total short-term debt has increasing because the company was converted part of long-term borrowing to short-term borrowing in order to reduce the total long-term debt. It can be help to survive in long run business especially economic slowdown period, but company will facing high gearing level in following year. It may affect investors to continue investing in the company. Based on the P/E ratio, the current investors will start to lose their confidence in the share of the company and choose to reduce the amount of investment in the company. Due to the continuously decreasing in the P/E ratio, it will be difficult to attract the new investors and it may cause the share price to be decreased. A slowdown in the stock exchange will affect the overall sales of the company. Therefore, the profit that earned by the company will be reducing. As a result, the dividends that paid to the stockholders will decrease. This will cause the current investors does not have confidence in the stocks and also make the stocks to be unattractive to the new investors.

Criminal Law and Procedure Week 5 Homework - 1693 Words

Week 5 Homework Jonah Colombo Devry University Author Note This paper is being submitted August 11, 2013 for Professor Sheryl Prichard’s Criminal Law and Procedure course at Devry University by Jonah Colombo. Week 5 Homework 1. Page 355 in the text: Questions for Thought and Discussion: Questions 5, 9, and 11 Question 5: Based on the ruling of the Supreme Court in City of Chicago v. Morales, what protections of the individual do you think must be included in an ordinance proscribing loitering? An individual’s protection against illegal search and seizure must be preserved. Just because a group of young people are loitering (gathering with no specific purpose) does not mean they have given up their protection from being†¦show more content†¦when he/she is responding to a call with lights on or just being on duty. This would render the law constitutionally vague and hence void it until subsequent versions elaborated on the who, what and where of what was restricted. Question 7: Despite the wording of most statutes proscribing the offense of escape, courts increasingly require the prosecution to prove the defendant’s specific intent to avoid lawful confinement. Are courts justified in imposing such a requirement on the statutory law? Yes. Statutory laws (written law) are subservient to federal law but the burden of proof is placed on the prosecution. Proving a person willfully attempted to evade lawful confinement would have to be proven if the charge was filed against the defendant. 3. Page 380 in the text: Problems for Discussion and Solution: Question 4 Question 4: The state charges Larcen Inmatio with escape from prison. The court appoints a public defender to represent him. You are assigned to investigate the case and report your findings to the public defender. Your investigation reveals that Inmatio was convicted of burglary of a dwelling and was serving the second year of a five-year sentence in the state prison. 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Nursing Medical Practitioners

Question: Discuss about theNursingfor Medical Practitioners. Answer: Introduction This work attempt to take a prognosis of health operation in hospitals within Australia. This also establishes some of the dual dilemma that the medical practitioners undergo in the course of their operations and at times arriving at wrong decision which dearly cause the lives of the patient and as such overburdening the family members. Dr. Peter Saul asserts that ineffective treatment at times occurs and this raises a lot of eyebrows on the part of the medic who has administered it. Moreover, this work examines some of the palliative care and treatment that have been disastrous to the patient and some form of legality measures that have been employed by the family of the affected. Miriam Dayhew confirms how Peter underwent some drug therapy which later on did not materialize as it led to the loss of the live of Peter. According to Miriam, Peter went through series of radiotherapy and thereafter surgery which came later on to be viewed as lethargic since he died four months upon havi ng undergone surgery. Dr. Peter Saul the Intensivist Care doctor alludes that it is the solely responsibility of the doctor to see to it that they help the patient in their potion to fully recuperate by having closer examination of the patient. The aforesaid doctor confirms that most of the patient die on daily basis on the hands of the doctor due to some form of negligence that is usually eminent in that case. Nonetheless, it is explicitly evident from the interview carried out by Annie Guest that most of the patients do push for immediate medical intervention and thereby making the medical to arrive at informed decision due to the high level of expedition of the matter. According to the Jordans that is Jenny Jordan, their son succumbed to death after having undergone surgery which was carried out by Dr. Charlie. Previous report indicated that they were to delay the surgery of their son to a later stage when their son would have been mature enough to undergo it. However, upon consulting Dr. Charlie, he a greed to conduct the surgery which later on stole from the Jordans their loved one. It was evident later on that their son had some level of bleeding on his brain which culminated to his fatal death. Dr. Saul attest that at times doctors do go a notch higher to over treat patient which later on their effort prove to be futile as they find that they have caused, more harm than good to the patient. It is incumbent to state that the doctor may be sued for this matter. Therefore, it is for this reason that this work shall draw one to the legal framework that have been instituted to see to it that the life of the patient is at right hands and probable legal measures that ought to be undertaken if it found out that the doctor was culpable of causing the patients death. It is for this reason that some of the framework are put in place to govern this profession so as to ensure that the patients are nursed by the professional people who have met the set standards postulated by the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. This piece of work will critically evaluate the ethical nursing decision and the role it has played in this industry. Different ethical principle and guidelines are expl icitly reviewed in the bid to determine the worth of operations on midwifery and nursing as a profession. Loftin, Campanella and Gilbert (2011) assert that legal and ethical principle are very important in this noble profession of nursing. It is incumbent to define ethical code as the systematic approach or rather guideline that is primarily aimed at ensuring that the policies and regulations of this profession are adhered to the latter. Therefore, for the functionality and smoot working relation in the nursing profession, this personality is obliged to possess this notable ethical code of conduct so as to realize the core goals and objectives of the business. However, it is ideal to state that at times the nurse is mostly met with ethical dilemma where the choice and decision of the nurse is very important at this juncture since any form of decision matters a lot and may have great impact to its patient (Gonyea, Wright Earl-Kulkosky, 2014). It is for this and many other reasons that there are 6 basic principles that have been developed to fully actualize the professionalism in nursing. This six principles of ethics that centers on nursing are justice which implies being affair and able to dispense services without discrimination whatsoever. The second one is to be respectful to the patient or client. This means that the nurse should be self-determined to provide their services well in the view of maintaining autonomy in this sector. Thirdly, the nurse ought to be veracious in their work. This will make it easy for the patients to confide their problems to them and thereby improving the good cordial relationship between the nurse and patients. The fourth ethical observance is fidelity (Essex, 2016). Every nurse is obliged to be very committed in their profession. This implies that they are supposed to be faithful and able to treat their patient with n high level of professionalism. Additionally, the nurse should avoid any attempt that is primarily geared towards harming the life of their patients. Lastly, the nurse is expected to be beneficence (Davidson, Elliott Daly, 2006). This, means that they should always be ready to do good. In Australia there is Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia that majorly ensures that the public receive quality delivery of services from qualified staffs. Therefore, the aforesaid board has put clearly that the nursed and midwives need to register so that they get the full approval of the board to dispense their services within the confines of Australia. Feasibly, it is common knowledge that the public safety ought to be at the center stage of everything and it is for this reason that the government in conjunction with other agents or organization ensures that nurses and midwives are registered before they start rendering their services to the nation (Halcomb, Patterson Davidson, 2006). There are some framework and legislation, policies that have been instituted by the National Board to ensure that everyone working within this body has met the given threshold so as to avoid a situation of getting quacks in this profession that is very crucial to most of the citizens. Hegney, (1996) states that the enrolled nurse is affiliated to registered nurse whose primary role is to evaluate the successes achieved in the field of nursing. The said entity squarely. Oversee the way the nurses render their services to the patient. Notably, enrolled nurse work within the confines of registered nurses since that it is the body that is entitled with the mandate to discharge their duty on the efficacy of quality services rendered to the patients and how competent this staff are to perform their noble duty. In 2012, most nurses in Australia were instructed to register online so as to determine their eligibility in that field. Till now, AHPRA has approved the registration of nurses and midwives to a tune of 90% on the said platform which has made everything to be digitalized and able to access the details of every nurse in a very simple and organized way (Jones Cheek, 2003). The board has further made it possible for any woman to deliver from their places of choice o r rather preference. It important to state that homebirths are still encouraged in Australia it is for this reason that the midwives are not only limited to dispense their services in hospital only but even at home where the mother finds it ideal for her. The success of nursing and midwifery in Australia is solely pegged on the support they receive from the government in different level. All the levels of government that is national, state and local work hand in hand to see to it that its citizens get high quality delivery Medicare from their health centers. Ethical consideration is very fundamental issue in the nursing and midwifery as it determines how the said personalities may be able to dispense their services to their clients with high level of veracity (Smith, 2002). According to Happell, McAllister and Gaskin (2014) there are innumerable regulatory changes that is evident in nursing field. This is feasible in the manner in which the other sectors have been well intertwined to the system to see its efficacy and heighten the whole dispensation of services. In evaluating this changes, it would be prudent for one to critically examine the role of the Australian government in nursing and midwifery sector. Moreover, evaluate some of the progress they have made in support of the board that have been established for that primary purpose. Therefore, the Australian Government has the sole responsibility of ensuring the following provisions are undertaken in the health facilities (Kitney, Tam, Bennett, Buttigieg, Bramley Wang, 2016). An affiliate of Medicare known as Medicare Benefits Schedule offer requisite medical services to the residents of Australia. There is National Healthcare Agreement that aids the state in ensuring that there is equity in provi sion of this services to all and sundry. To add on that, it has been observed that even the private sectors ought to meet some certain threshold for it to operate under the confines of the laws of the country. It has been seen that most of this private health sectors subsidize their fees in order for their charges to be favorable for all the resident in the nation. This in turn encourages the citizens to seek medical attention from different sector knowing that the charges have been regulated and therefore affordable (Cleary, Jackson Hungerford, 2014). Grants and payments from non-governmental agencies have really played a significant role in the health sector and as such greatly boosted nursing and midwifery in its totality. There is also Medicare benefits scheme that is offered to the patients in order to make them afford the paying the charges that they incur in medical facilities. The discretion to go by the schedule squarely lies on their hands. The MBS offers an array of advantage to the citizens and thereby realizing great impact to their lives. The amount of money or fees that is paid in excess by the schedule may be reclaimed back under the same framework as there is provisions primarily meant to recover the excess that are payable (Grant, 2013). This may be actualized through the health insurance strategies and logistical plan for that. The board has a number of standards which keeps on reviewing it periodically so as to be in alignment with the global changes in health sectors and necessitation on dynamism which is indispensable in nature (Russell Coventry, 2016). All these standards are basically aimed at ensuring that the citizens are not easily duped to substandard services from those personalities who are purporting to be nurses and midwifery yet they do not have the right credentials for that tasky activity. Is ideal to state that in Australia the re is Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia that majorly ensures that the public receive quality delivery of services from qualified staffs (Russell Coventry, 2016). Therefore, the aforesaid board has put clearly that the nursed and midwives need to register so that they get the full approval of the board to dispense their services within the confines of Australia. Feasibly, it is common knowledge that the public safety ought to be at the center stage of everything and it is for this reason that the government in conjunction with other agents or organization ensures that nurses and midwives are registered before they start rendering their services to the nation. The board has well established and published standard, codes of ethics guidelines and most importantly offer consultative services where necessary (Russell Coventry, 2016). Tentatively, the board has instituted website where its registered member may access the guidelines of the sector in the view of acquainting themsel ves well to be able to dispense their services within the parameters of the guidelines established in their profession. Conclusion Conclusively, the health sector has really played a significant role in transforming and shaping the nursing and midwifery institution. Some of the great achievements have been highlight. Just but to mention are the, insurance cover that does benefit a lot of residents who sought medical aid in both private and public health institutions. References Cleary, M., Jackson, D., Hungerford, C. L. (2014). Mental health nursing in Australia: resilience as a means of sustaining the specialty.Issues in mental health nursing,35(1), 33-40. Davidson, P. M., Elliott, D., Daly, J. (2006). Clinical leadership in contemporary clinical practice: implications for nursing in Australia.Journal of Nursing Management,14(3), 180-187. Essex, R. (2016). Healthcare and complicity in Australian immigration detention.Monash Bioethics Review,34,2, 136-147. Gonyea, J. L. J., Wright, D. W., Earl-Kulkosky, T. (2014). Navigating Dual Relationships in Rural Communities.Journal of Marital and Family Therapy,40,1, 125-136. Grant, J. (2013). Child and family health nursing in Australia: connecting with the past to shape our future.Australian Journal of Child and Family Health Nursing,10(2), 6. Halcomb, E. J., Patterson, E., Davidson, P. M. (2006). Evolution of practice nursing in Australia.Journal of Advanced Nursing,55(3), 376-388. Happell, B., McAllister, M., Gaskin, C. J. (2014). Opportunity lost? The major in mental health nursing in Australia.Nurse education today,34(6), e13-e17. Hegney, D. (1996). 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